The Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) is the set of communications protocols used for the Internet and other similar networks. It is named from two of the most important protocols in it: the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), which were the first two networking protocols defined in this standard.

The Internet is ruled by a number of sister no profit organizations coordinating all necessary activities to grant the continous and correct work of the web.

IETF - developes new technologies, new protocols, and the documentation

ISOC - is a UN organization born to assure the open developement, evolution and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the world; in fact ISOC supervise the developement of the web giving guidelines, and opinions.

IANA - is responsible for the managemen of all informations about assigned numbers, parameters, protocols of the web, under the authority of ICANN.

ICANN - is the authority for the assignement of first level domain names.

Other entities collaborate with the above mentioned.

A registry is an organization delegated by ICANN to register TLDs; each TLDs has just one registry (even though a single registry may be delegated for more than one TLD). Being a registry imply the management of a database containing all the registered domains and their owner and all the information about the registrants.

A registrar is an organization delegated by ICANN to interact with the final customers registrating a domain. A registrar is the link between the authority (the registry) and the customer (registrant) for the gTLD.

A registrant or a domain holder is the person, or organization registering a domain name.

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an organization that provides the customers with IP address or domain names, or other services related to connectivity or the internet. It's pretty common that an ISP is also a registrar.

All the informations about a domain name have to be written on the registry whois database; the term WHOIS identify not only the database, but also the access protocols and utilities for a certain database.

The whois database is needed to verify any transfer request, the expiration date, the ownership, or any other public information about a certain domain name.

An Hard Disk, also known as Hard Drive is the device used by computer to store informations and datas. Hard Disks use magnets to store informations, and their capacity is measurable in bytes, megabytes, gigabytes or terabytes (1GB = 1M bytes). Hard Disks may use different interface languages as IDE, Parallel ATA, Serial ATA, SCSI, and more.

Disk usage viewer is a tool we provide in order to analyze your hard drive quota. As you start using the tool, you will be able to see all your directories, and the disk space they are using. Plus you can see the file size and details about those files. THe tools is very useful to manage your free hard drive quota, and the files and directories amount of space.

The term "bandwidth" describes the amount of data transferred to or from the website or server within a prescribed period of time, for example bandwidth consumption accumulated over a month measured in Gigabyte per month. The more accurate phrase used for this meaning of a maximum amount of data transfer each month or given period is monthly data transfer. A basic website usually requires a small bandwidth; as the website gets more sophisticated, and filled with images, videos and media, or PDFs a larger amount of bandwidth is going to be needed. The bandwidth needs also to get bigger if the web sites is visited by many users.

An addon domain is a domain name that points to a subdirectory within your account. The addon domain will look completely independent to the outside world with no means for anyone to know that this is running on an account under another site. Addon domains must be registered domain names that you own and must be configured to point to our name servers in order to work.

Subdomains are a way of creating separate accounts within your master account, which are accessed as separate URLs. A lot of larger businesses use subdomains to establish branding and focus on separate product lines, because a subdomain creates a separate URL and web presence. Practically, a subdomain is a sub folder within the public_http level of your account that has it's own cgi-bin directory. User can manage his subdomains thourhg the subdomain manager.

File transfer protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to exchange and manipulate files over a TCP/IP network (like Interner) FTP is builded on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server applications. FTP is also often used as an application component to automatically transfer files for program internal functions. An FTP account, is a password protected account that let a user or a program as client interact with the server. User can manage ftp accounts, acccounts permissions, passwords, and other ftp featuers trough a the FTP server account manager, installed on our servers.

The File Manager allows the user to manage his site through HTTP rather than an FTP tool or other third-party application. User can upload, create or delete files, organize files in folders and change file permissions. While not as sophisticated as most FTP tools, File Manager gives the user all the basic functionality necessary to manage his site.

File transfer protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to exchange and manipulate files over a TCP/IP network (like Interner) FTP is builded on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server applications. FTP is also often used as an application component to automatically transfer files for program internal functions. An FTP account, is a password protected account that let a user or a program as client interact with the server. User can manage ftp accounts, acccounts permissions, passwords, and other ftp featuers trough a the FTP server account manager, installed on our servers.

Electronic mail is a method of exchanging digital messages. E-mail systems are based on a store-and-forward model in which e-mail computer server systems accept, forward, deliver and store messages on behalf of users, who only need to connect to the e-mail infrastructure, typically an e-mail server, with a network-enabled device for the duration of message submission or retrieval. An electronic mail message consists of two components, the message header, and the message body, which is the email's content. The message header contains control information, including, minimally, an originator's email address and one or more recipient addresses. Usually additional information is added, such as a subject header field. Our servers are equipped with many scripts, as CGIemail or FORMmail.

A mail exchanger (MX) record is a type of resource recordin the Domain Name System that specifies a mail server responsible for accepting email messages on behalf of a recipient's domain and a preference value used to prioritize mail delivery if multiple mail servers are available. The set of MX records of a domain name specifies how email should be routed with the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).

It can be helpful to know exactly where email is coming from. To see the delivery path of an email from its server to your mail server, you will need to trace its address. This can give you information about mail problems and whether or not there are problems with your mail server.

Autoresponders are tool that allow you to leave an automated message to respond to incoming email on your server. Our autoresponder manager let you have an automated message for any email account you have on your server.

An email domain forwarder redirects all email received at a specific domain name to another domain name. For example, if we setup xxxx.com to redirect to yyyy.net, all email going to xxxx.com will redirect to its corresponding user on yyyy.net. (ZZZZ@xxxx.com redirects to ZZZZ@yyyy.net). Any pop accounts set up under each domain name will not be affected by this forwarding option.

Webmail is an email tool on the web allowing you to read and work on your email directly on the web. You will be able to read, send, or forward your email, with or without attachements, without any need of a mail browser (outlook like). The webmail software installed on our hosting servers is a complete cliente with multiple functions and features, like read/send/forward attachements, create and manage folders, modify/add email rules, contacts book, calendar and more.

Email spam is a very frustrating reality of the online world. Many tools have been developed along the way to try and combat this probelm including both server and desktop solutions. Spam Assassin is a very effective antispam tooloffering you an extra protection while producing as few false positives as possible. This tool is based on worldwide compiled spam lists, automatically up to date.

The Boxtrapper SPAM trap is very powerful tool, yet very delicate: if activated, whenever your domain receive an email it replieswith an automated answer asking for a reply by the original sender. This tool is thought to filter all the spam by spiders and robots because of the need of a reply, but it's not often used.

A database is an integrated collection of logically-related records or files consolidated into a common pool that provides data for one or more multiple uses. One way of classifying databases involves the type of content, for example: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, image. Other classification methods start from examining database models or database architectures. Software organizes the data in a database according to a database model. Our server also supports scripts and applications to import files into databases (as CSV import).

MySQL is a relational database management system that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. Software projects requiring a full-featured database management system often use MySQL (for example WordPress). MySQL is also used in many high-profile, large-scale World Wide Web products including Wikipedia, Google and Facebook.

The Agora Shopping Cart is a fully featured shopping cart that can be activated with the click of a button. The product is fully documented at the Interchange site - please refer to the Agora web site if you have any questions about using the shopping cart.

Cron is a time-based job scheduler in Unix-like computer operating systems. Cron enables users to schedule jobs (commands or shell scripts) to run automatically at a certain time or date. It is commonly used to automate system maintenance or administration, though its general-purpose nature means that it can be used for other purposes, such as connecting to the Internet and downloading email.

Custom error pages is a tool that allows the user to add or modifiy error pages that appear on the client browser (as the 404 error page). This can be useful if the user wants a higher feedback on the errors, or a more friendly approach with his customers/visitors. Error pages can be modified online on the panel, or edited on remote, and then uploaded by FTP.

Our hosting servers are equipped with many scripts, programs and applications, but to meet all the needs of our customer we can enable the CGI center: this is a powerful tool that allow the user to install many different CGI scripts under his (and only his) account. In the CGI center you can find the Guestbook simple applications, that allows visitors to post or sign a web page on your web site.

Microsoft FrontPage was a WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get) HTML editor and web site administration tool. It was branded as part of the Microsoft Office suite from 1997 to 2003. Microsoft FrontPage has since been replaced by Microsoft Expression Web and Sharepoint Designer, which were first released in December 2006. Our servers gives support for web sites designed with Frontpage.

Allows visitors to a web site to read guestbook entries and post messages of their own. Very simple setup, only requires to change a few settings.

Hotlink is a protection feature preventing other websites from directly linking to files on the user's website. This means that when another website is visited, it cannot load pictures from the user's pages - limiting this way the outbound traffic for user's account.

The IP Deny Manager allows users to prevent an IP address, domain name, or block of IP addresses from accessing user's web site. If someone is using a lot of yuser's bandwidth, posting malicious content, or should not be allowed to access user's site for another reason, user can preventing them from doing so in the IP Deny Manager.

This function will show information regarding the last 300 people to visit user's website. The records will show the visitor’s IP address, the HTTP code the visitor received, the date and time of the visit, the HTTP version, and the amount of information accessed in bytes. User will also see the referrer (the site from which the visitor was linked, if any), and the agent, or browser. This information can be useful in monitoring repeat visitors to user's website.

Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Perl was originally developed in 1987 as scripting language but it has undergone many changes and revisions and become widely popular amongst programmers. The language provides powerful text processing facilities but it's also used for graphics programming, system administration, network programming, applications that require database access and CGI programming on the web. Our servers support Perl and are equipped with Perl modules. A perl module is a package of components and conventions, needed to code perl language.

PHP is a widely used, general-purpose scripting language that was originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. For this purpose, PHP code is embedded into the HTML source document and interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module, which generates the web page document. As a general-purpose programming language, PHP code is processed by an interpreter application in command-line mode performing desired operating system operations and producing program output on its standard output channel. It may also function as a graphical application. PHP is available as a processor for most modern web servers and as standalone interpreter on most operating systems and computing platforms.

Our servers also support the PHP Extension and Application Repository, or PEAR, which is a repository of PHP software code. The PEAR project has been founded in 1999 to promote the re-use of code that performs common functions. The project seeks to provide a structured library of code, maintain a system for distributing code and for managing code packages, and promote a standard coding style.

With the PHP configuration manager the user can set up his php configurations, choose the release he prefers (as PHP5), and configure his server quota for php use.

SSH stands for Secure Shell access, which is a command prompt access over an encrypted communications channel. There are several ways to establish a command prompt session on to your website hosting account. We provide you with a browser based SSL Shell program that allows you to establish a command prompt session. Note: If you are not familiar with Linux based shell commands you may not want to attempt anything in the shell, as it can create potential problem to the server or your hosting account if things are not done correctly.

The SSL and TLS features are intended to make user's website more secure. These features generate and manage SSL certificates, signing requests, and keys. This is useful for websites that will use logins and credit card numbers, since information will be sent to and from the website over the Internet as encrypted data versus plain text. This makes it difficult for malicious users to intercept communications between visitors and the website.

Our hosting servers come with several tools that provide the users with detailed statistics. Webalizer is a complex statistics program, which visualize the visits to the web site in graphics and charts. It is also available in an FTP version, that enable the user to visualize graphics and charts for the FTP connections. In addition the manager can show a wide range of logs, and stats, that are 100% reliable.

Our hosting servers come with several tools that provide the users with detailed statistics. Webalizer is a complex statistics program, which visualize the visits to the web site in graphics and charts. It is also available in an FTP version, that enable the user to visualize graphics and charts for the FTP connections. In addition the manager can show a wide range of logs, and stats, that are 100% reliable.

An Hard Disk, also known as Hard Drive is the device used by computer to store informations and datas. Hard Disks use magnets to store informations, and their capacity is measurable in bytes, megabytes, gigabytes or terabytes (1GB = 1M bytes). Hard Disks may use different interface languages as IDE, Parallel ATA, Serial ATA, SCSI, and more.

A domain name is made by a set of characters separeted by dots (es. kk.xxxxxx.com). In the example the .com part is the most relevant and it is called top level domain. Any other element makes a new level domains: in our example xxxxxx.com is a second level domain, while kk.xxxxxx.com is a third level domain. The owner of a second level domain is authorized to use any third (or more) level domain for his second level domain (the owner of xxxxxx.com may use kk.xxxxxxx.com, yy.xxxxxxxx.com as well as zz.yy.xxxxxx.com and so on).

A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. Management of most top-level domains is delegated to responsible organizations by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), which operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.